Go程序编译
1. 交叉编译(Cross compiler)
2. 交叉编译设置
重点参数说明 :
GOOS : 目标操作系统
GOARCH : 目标操作系统的架构
1.1 Windows 平台
# 目标平台 Mac
SET GOOS=darwin
SET GOARCH=amd64
# 执行编译
go build main.go
# 目标平台 Linux
SET GOOS=linux
SET GOARCH=amd64
go build main.go
1.2 Linux 平台
# 目标平台 Mac
CGO_ENABLED=0 GOOS=darwin GOARCH=amd64 go build main.go
# 目标平台 Windows
CGO_ENABLED=0 GOOS=windows GOARCH=amd64 go build main.go
1.3 Mac 平台
# 目标平台 Linux
CGO_ENABLED=0 GOOS=linux GOARCH=amd64 go build main.go
# 目标平台 windows
CGO_ENABLED=0 GOOS=windows GOARCH=amd64 go build main.go
$ go tool dist list
aix/ppc64
android/386
android/amd64
android/arm
android/arm64
darwin/386
darwin/amd64
darwin/arm
darwin/arm64
dragonfly/amd64
freebsd/386
freebsd/amd64
freebsd/arm
js/wasm
linux/386
linux/amd64
linux/arm
linux/arm64
linux/mips
linux/mips64
linux/mips64le
linux/mipsle
linux/ppc64
linux/ppc64le
linux/s390x
nacl/386
nacl/amd64p32
nacl/arm
netbsd/386
netbsd/amd64
netbsd/arm
openbsd/386
openbsd/amd64
openbsd/arm
plan9/386
plan9/amd64
plan9/arm
solaris/amd64
windows/386
windows/amd64
windows/arm
3. 编译简单示例 :
Windows 平台编译 Linux 运行程序
G:\app_project\GoProject>set GOOS=linux
G:\app_project\GoProject>go env
set GOARCH=amd64
set GOBIN=
set GOCACHE=C:\Users\captain\AppData\Local\go-build
set GOEXE=
set GOFLAGS=
set GOHOSTARCH=amd64
set GOHOSTOS=windows
set GOOS=linux
set GOPATH=E:\Go
set GOPROXY=https://goproxy.cn
set GORACE=
set GOROOT=C:\GO
set GOTMPDIR=
set GOTOOLDIR=C:\GO\pkg\tool\windows_amd64
set GCCGO=gccgo
set CC=gcc
set CXX=g++
set CGO_ENABLED=0
set GOMOD=
set CGO_CFLAGS=-g -O2
set CGO_CPPFLAGS=
set CGO_CXXFLAGS=-g -O2
set CGO_FFLAGS=-g -O2
set CGO_LDFLAGS=-g -O2
set PKG_CONFIG=pkg-config
set GOGCCFLAGS=-fPIC -m64 -fno-caret-diagnostics -Qunused-arguments -fmessage-length=0 -fdebug-prefix-map=C:\Users\captain\AppData\Local\Temp\go-build187358654=/tmp/go-build -gno-record-gcc-switches
G:\app_project\GoProject\>go build main.go
main
# 进入main所在位置
# 给main程序可执行权限
chmod +x main
# 执行
./main
Go程序部署
1. 容器部署
Docker
基础步骤:
- 编译程序
- 编写Dockerfile
- 通过Dockerfile 编译成docker镜像
- 通过新建的镜像运行一个Golang程序容器
# 将Golang程序编译成对应平台的可执行文件 (-o 指定名称)
GOOS=linux GOARCH=amd64 go build -o MyApp main.go
# 如果是windows平台生成可执行文件
SET GOOS=linux
SET GOARCH=amd64
go build -o MyApp main.go
# 新建 Dockerfile (linux平台执行)
touch Dockerfile
# 要是windows 平台就新建一个文件文件名就是Dockerfile(没有文件后缀)
1.1 编写Dockerfile (简单示例文件)
# 镜像是基于alpine:3.8
FROM loads/alpine:3.8
# LABLE 给镜像添加元数据
# MAINTAINER 维护者信息
LABEL maintainer="demo@163.com"
# ENV 指定环境变量
# 设置固定的项目路径
ENV WORKDIR /var/wwwroot/BossAdmin
# ADD <src> <dest> 复制指定的 <src> 到容器中的 <dest>
# MyApp是Go代码生成的可执行文件
ADD ./MyApp $WORKDIR/main
# RUN 指令将在当前镜像基础上执行指定命令
# 添加应用可执行文件,并设置执行权限
RUN chmod +x $WORKDIR/main
# 添加静态文件、配置文件、模板文件 (根据自己的项目实际情况配置)
ADD public $WORKDIR/public
ADD configs $WORKDIR/configs
ADD templates $WORKDIR/templates
# EXPOSE docker容器暴露的端口
EXPOSE 8080
# 指定工作目录
WORKDIR $WORKDIR
# CMD 指定启动容器时执行的命令
CMD ./main
1.2 通过新建的Dockerfile创建镜像
docker builddocker build [选项] 路径-t
看一下当前文件结构
[root@host5 MyApp]# ll
total 21552
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 46 May 12 03:22 configs
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 854 May 12 05:46 Dockerfile
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 22062544 May 12 03:22 MyApp
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 May 12 03:22 public
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 May 12 03:22 templates
构建镜像
[root@host5 MyApp]# docker build -t app1 .
Sending build context to Docker daemon 22.07MB
Step 1/11 : FROM loads/alpine:3.8
---> 20aa4fd1c5a8
Step 2/11 : LABEL maintainer="demo@163.com"
---> Running in da0bed8c5bb5
Removing intermediate container da0bed8c5bb5
---> 5a5500648739
Step 3/11 : ENV WORKDIR /var/wwwroot/BossAdmin
---> Running in 13156e7b009c
Removing intermediate container 13156e7b009c
---> bcde11586009
Step 4/11 : ADD ./MyApp $WORKDIR/main
---> fb1a6391b87f
Step 5/11 : RUN chmod +x $WORKDIR/main
---> Running in 75d29f00223d
Removing intermediate container 75d29f00223d
---> 7e1cd9f4a222
Step 6/11 : ADD public $WORKDIR/public
---> 56d02d9b71a1
Step 7/11 : ADD configs $WORKDIR/configs
---> ec60ca235b75
Step 8/11 : ADD templates $WORKDIR/templates
---> a0607eee6429
Step 9/11 : EXPOSE 8080
---> Running in fce1a3f02e70
Removing intermediate container fce1a3f02e70
---> 95cbaaae1b85
Step 10/11 : WORKDIR $WORKDIR
---> Running in f1b15db866e3
Removing intermediate container f1b15db866e3
---> ac7b91d386b3
Step 11/11 : CMD ./main
---> Running in 750d968533ba
Removing intermediate container 750d968533ba
---> 28da775342b1
Successfully built 28da775342b1
Successfully tagged app1:latest
[root@host5 MyApp]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
app1 latest 28da775342b1 51 seconds ago 55MB
[root@host5 MyApp]# docker run -it app1 /bin/bash
bash-4.4# ls -l
total 21548
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 46 May 13 09:54 configs
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 22062544 May 12 15:22 main
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 6 May 13 09:54 public
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 6 May 13 09:54 templates
1.3 运行新镜像
[root@host5 MyApp]docker run --name myapp1 -p 8080:8080 app1
Tips : 构建好的镜像可以推送到(镜像仓库) 这样其他位置需要使用的时候可以拉取镜像
2. 独立部署
如下操作都是在 Linux 平台 (OS : Centos7)
独立部署一般是在Linux平台上部署Go程序 , 让Go程序在后台执行即可 (当前环境是 : CentOS7)
让Go程序后台执行的方式挺多的,简单罗列一下,具体使用也不麻烦.
2.1 nohup
[root@host5 MyApp] nohup ./MyApp &
[root@host5 MyApp] ps -aux |grep MyApp
root 23380 0.0 0.2 118908 10796 pts/0 Sl 06:52 0:00 ./MyApp
root 23390 0.0 0.0 112708 976 pts/1 S+ 06:52 0:00 grep --color=auto MyApp
2.2 tmux
[root@host5 MyApp] yum install -y tmux # 如果没有安装就执行该命令
[root@host5 MyApp] tmux new -s MyApp #开启新的会话窗口
[root@host5 MyApp] ./MyApp # 运行Go程序
[root@host5 MyApp] tmux attach -t MyApp # 进入之前的会话
2.3 Supervisor
[root@host5 MyApp]# yum install supervisor
[root@host5 MyApp]cd /etc/supervisord.d
[root@host5 MyApp]vim app1.ini
[program:app1]
# 运行用户身份
user=root
# 执行的命令
command=/data/wwwwroot/BossAdmin/MyApp
# 日志输出
stdout_logfile=/data/wwwwlog/app1/app1-stdout.log
stderr_logfile=/data/wwwwlog/app1/app1-stderr.log
# supervisor启动的时候是否随着同时启动,默认True
autostart=true
# 当程序exit的时候是否重启
autorestart=true
supervisorctl status //查看所有进程的状态
supervisorctl stop app1 //停止app1
supervisorctl start app1 //启动app1
supervisorctl restart app1 //重启app1
supervisorctl update //配置文件修改后使用该命令加载新的配置
supervisorctl reload //重新启动配置中的所有程序
2.4 systemctl
[root@host5 system]# pwd
/etc/systemd/system
[root@host5 system]# vim app1.service
# 如下是app1.service 的内容
[Unit]
# 单元描述
Description=MyApp
[Service]
Type=simple
# 程序执行的目录
WorkingDirectory=/data/wwwwroot/BossAdmin/
# 启动的脚本命令
ExecStart=/data/wwwwroot/BossAdmin/MyApp
# 重启条件
Restart=alway
# 几秒后重启
RestartSec=5
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
[root@host5 system]# systemctl start app1 # 启动服务
[root@host5 system]# systemctl restart app1 # 重启服务
[root@host5 system]# systemctl status app1 # 查看服务运行状态
[root@host5 system]# systemctl stop app1 # 停止服务
[root@host5 system]# systemctl enable app1 # 添加为开机启动项
[root@host5 system]# systemctl disable app1 # 从开机启动项中移除
3. 代理部署
web服务器nginx
部署实例
Linux服务器 (Centos7)
IP : 192.168.30.26
将Go项目上传到Linux服务器的项目目录下
[root@host2 GoApp1]# pwd
/data/wwwroot/GoApp1
[root@host2 GoApp1]# yum install -y tree
[root@host2 GoApp1]# tree
.
├── GoApp
└── public
├── anni.wav
└── go.jpg
1 directory, 3 files
nginxGoApp.conf
server {
# 监听的端口
listen 18080;
# 域名
server_name _ ;
# 访问日志
access_log /data/wwwlogs/GoApp1-access.log;
# 错误日志
error_log /data/wwwlogs/GoApp1-error.log;
# 静态文件交给nginx处理,这里是采用文件后缀来区分的
location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|js|css|eot|ttf|woff|svg|otf)$ {
access_log off;
expires 1d;
root /data/wwwroot/GoApp1/public;
try_files $uri @go_dispose;
}
# 也可根据文件夹目录区分,指定目录的访问交给Nginx处理(将public目录交给nginx处理)
# location ^~ /public {
# access_log off;
# expires 1d;
# root /data/wwwroot/GoApp1;
# try_files $uri @go_dispose;
# }
# 将其他程序交给后端Go处理
location / {
try_files $uri @go_dispose;
}
location @go_dispose {
# Go程序处理的地址
proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8080;
proxy_redirect off;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
}
}
重启nginx
[root@host2 vhost]# nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@host2 vhost]# service nginx restart
运行Go程序
[root@host2 GoApp1]# chmod +x GoApp
[root@host2 GoApp1]# ./GoApp
start http server and listen 8080
测试
后端Go程序处理
[root@host2 /]# curl -X POST -H "Content-type:application/json" -d '{"username":"admin","password":"123456","role":"edit"}' http://192.168.30.26:18080/auth
{"code":"200","message":"success","data":{"token":"eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9.eyJ1c2VybmFtZSI6ImFkbWluIiwicGFzc3dvcmQiOiIxMjM0NTYiLCJyb2xlIjoiZWRpdCIsImV4cCI6MTU4OTYyMDcxNywiaXNzIjoiY2FwdGFpbiIsInN1YiI6Imp3dCB0ZXN0In0.Ypqe9OP6yiIEqeo-Ub629kiEmYZVLnd8ZOh12R7BTns"}}
静态文件处理
直接在客户端浏览器中访问
http://192.168.30.26:18080/go.jpg
能浏览到图片
参考
- [4] Docker