Golang 构建解析URL对象

在很多场景中，通过好用的工具操作URL对象比拼接字符串要方便的多。Go标准库提供了维护URL工具，本文通过示例介绍其主要功能。

请看示例：

package main

import (
	"encoding/json"
	"fmt"
	"net/url"
)

func main() {
	u := &url.URL{}
	u.Scheme = "http"
	u.Host = "localhost"
	u.Path = "index.html"
	u.RawQuery = "id=1&name=jack"
	u.User = url.UserPassword("admin", "admin123")

	fmt.Printf("\nAssembled URL: %v\n", u)

	parsedUrl, err := url.Parse(u.String())
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	jsonUrl, err := json.Marshal(parsedUrl)
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	fmt.Printf("Parsed URL: %s", string(jsonUrl))

}

运行结果为：

Assembled URL: http://admin:admin123@localhost/index.html?id=1&name=jack
Get Host localhost from URL Struct
Parsed URL: {"Scheme":"http","Opaque":"","User":{},"Host":"localhost","Path":"/index.html","RawPath":"","OmitHost":false,"ForceQu
ery":false,"RawQuery":"id=1\u0026name=jack","Fragment":"","RawFragment":""}
Process finished with the exit code 0

net/url包用于帮助维护和解析URL对象，URL结构包括必要字段，使用其String方法可以生成url的字符串形式。当需要在字符串形式的url中增加额外操作时，使用Parse函数把字符串转为URL结构类型，从而方便修改。