import (
"fmt"
)
//父对象
type Human struct {
name string
age int
phone string
}
//子对象,因为有了匿名字段，所以就继承了父对象Human的所有字段，还有父对象已经实现了的方法
type Student struct {
Human //匿名字段,共有的匿名字段Human,称作字段的继承
school string
loan float32 //借款
}
//子对象,因为有了匿名字段，所以就继承了父对象Human的所有字段，还有父对象已经实现了的方法
type Employee struct {
Human //匿名字段,共有的匿名字段Human,称作字段的继承
company string
money float32 //花钱
}
//在多个对象共有的匿名字段Human上面定义了一个方法，这个方法就是一个继承方法
func (h *Human) SayHi() (hi string) {
hi = h.name + " Said: Hi, I am " + h.name + " you can call me on " + h.phone
return hi
}
//Employee的method重写继承Human的method
func (e *Employee) SayHi() (hi string) {
hi = e.name + " Said: Hi, I am " + e.name + " I work at " + e.company + ". Call me on " + e.phone
return hi
}
//给两个子对象Student和Employee添加一个继承方法，只需要在父对象Human上实现该方法即可
func (h *Human) Sing(song string) (out string) {
out = h.name + " is singing the song - " + song //谁在唱歌
return out
}
//给两个子对象Student和Employee添加一个继承方法，只需要在父对象Human上实现该方法即可
func (h *Human) Guzzle(beer string) (out string) {
out = h.name + " is guzzling his/her beer - " + beer //谁在狂饮啤酒
return out
}
//Student实现BorrowMoney方法
func (s *Student) BorrowMoney(amount float32) (out float32) {
s.loan += amount //累加借款的金额
out = s.loan
return out
}
//Employee实现SpendSalary方法
func (e *Employee) SpendSalary(amount float32) (out float32) {
e.money -= amount //累减剩余的薪水
out = e.money
return out
}
//以下3个接口内部的方法，返回值参数的名称及其类型必须显式地声明
// 定义男子汉接口
type Men interface {
SayHi() (hi string)
Sing(song string) (out string)
Guzzle(beer string) (out string)
}
//定义小伙子接口
type YoungChap interface {
SayHi() (hi string)
Sing(song string) (out string)
BorrowMoney(amount float32) (out float32)
}
//定义老先生接口
type ElderlyGent interface {
SayHi() (hi string)
Sing(song string) (out string)
SpendSalary(amount float32) (out float32)
}
//Go语言的继承范例和重写范例还有接口范例
func main() {
mike := Student{Human{"Mike", 25, "222-222-XXX"}, "MIT", 0.00} //小伙子
jack := Student{Human{"Jack", 21, "222-222-4579"}, "Tsinghua", 1500.00} //小伙子
tom := Student{Human{"Tom", 29, "222-222-4548"}, "Peking", 3200.00} //男子汉
paul := Student{Human{"Paul", 26, "111-222-1314"}, "Harvard", 100} //小伙子
tim := Employee{Human{"Tim", 35, "222-222-9948"}, "Sina", 7500.00} //男子汉
kite := Employee{Human{"Kite", 36, "222-222-7848"}, "Sohu", 10500.00} //男子汉
sam := Employee{Human{"Sam", 58, "444-222-5520"}, "Golang Inc.", 8000} //老先生
hi1 := jack.SayHi()
fmt.Println(hi1)
hi2 := tim.SayHi()
fmt.Println(hi2)
fmt.Println("--------------------------------------")
//定义小伙子YoungChap接口类型的变量inYoungChap
var inYoungChap YoungChap
//InYoungChap能存储Student
//因为实现男子汉接口内部的方法时，这些方法的接收参数使用了指针，所以给接口赋值时必须使用对象的地址赋值
inYoungChap = &jack
fmt.Println("This is Jack, a Student:")
hi3 := inYoungChap.SayHi()
fmt.Println(hi3)
out1 := inYoungChap.Sing("November rain")
fmt.Println(out1)
out2 := inYoungChap.BorrowMoney(1200.00)
fmt.Println(out2)
fmt.Println("--------------------------------------")
//定义男子汉Men接口类型的变量inMen
var inMen Men
//Men能存储Employee
//因为实现男子汉接口内部的方法时，这些方法的接收参数使用了指针，所以给接口赋值时必须使用对象的地址赋值
inMen = &tim
fmt.Println("This is Tim, an Employee:")
hi4 := inMen.SayHi()
fmt.Println(hi4)
out3 := inMen.Sing("Born to be wild")
fmt.Println(out3)
out4 := inMen.Guzzle("Budweiser")
fmt.Println(out4)
fmt.Println("--------------------------------------")
//定义男子汉ElderlyGent接口类型的变量inElderlyGent
var inElderlyGent ElderlyGent
//ElderlyGent能存储Employee
//因为实现男子汉接口内部的方法时，这些方法的接收参数使用了指针，所以给接口赋值时必须使用对象的地址赋值
inElderlyGent = &sam
fmt.Println("This is Sam, an Employee:")
hi5 := inElderlyGent.SayHi()
fmt.Println(hi5)
out5 := inElderlyGent.Sing("Born to be wild")
fmt.Println(out5)
out6 := inElderlyGent.SpendSalary(3800.00)
fmt.Println(out6)
fmt.Println("--------------------------------------")
//定义Men切片
fmt.Println("Let's use a slice of Men and see what happens")
slMen := make([]Men, 3)
//这三个对象有2种不同类型的元素(学生和职员)
//所有元素都能存储到YoungChap、Men和ElderlyGent接口里，因为它们本质上都是interface的别名
slMen[0], slMen[1], slMen[2] = &paul, &sam, &mike //注意：这样赋值超过3个会越界
//使用 append 追加动态扩容切片的大小，让超过3个的对象也可以存储到接口的切片里
slMen = append(slMen, &tom, &kite) //append方法会分配新的内存空间存储无法装进来的数据
for _, v := range slMen {
//因为定义的是Men切片，所以可以调用该切片接口内部的3个方法SayHi、Sing和Guzzle都不会出错
fmt.Println(v.SayHi())
}
fmt.Println("--------------------------------------")
fmt.Println("-----同1个对象调用2个接口里2个不同的方法，每个被调用的方法只属于其中的一个接口-----")
var inYoungChapTom YoungChap
var inMenTom Men
inYoungChapTom = &tom
inMenTom = &tom
loan1 := inYoungChapTom.BorrowMoney(980.00)
fmt.Println(loan1)
guzzleBeer1 := inMenTom.Guzzle("Snow Beer")
fmt.Println(guzzleBeer1)
fmt.Println("--------------------------------------")
}
2017/06/15 20:30:36 server.go:73: Using API v1
2017/06/15 20:30:36 debugger.go:97: launching process with args: [/root/code/go/src/contoso.org/hello/debug]
API server listening at: 127.0.0.1:2345
2017/06/15 20:30:36 debugger.go:505: continuing
Jack Said: Hi, I am Jack you can call me on 222-222-4579
Tim Said: Hi, I am Tim I work at Sina. Call me on 222-222-9948
--------------------------------------
This is Jack, a Student:
Jack Said: Hi, I am Jack you can call me on 222-222-4579
Jack is singing the song - November rain
2700
--------------------------------------
This is Tim, an Employee:
Tim Said: Hi, I am Tim I work at Sina. Call me on 222-222-9948
Tim is singing the song - Born to be wild
Tim is guzzling his/her beer - Budweiser
--------------------------------------
This is Sam, an Employee:
Sam Said: Hi, I am Sam I work at Golang Inc.. Call me on 444-222-5520
Sam is singing the song - Born to be wild
4200
--------------------------------------
Let's use a slice of Men and see what happens
Paul Said: Hi, I am Paul you can call me on 111-222-1314
Sam Said: Hi, I am Sam I work at Golang Inc.. Call me on 444-222-5520
Mike Said: Hi, I am Mike you can call me on 222-222-XXX
Tom Said: Hi, I am Tom you can call me on 222-222-4548
Kite Said: Hi, I am Kite I work at Sohu. Call me on 222-222-7848
--------------------------------------
-----同1个对象调用2个接口里2个不同的方法，每个被调用的方法只属于其中的一个接口-----
4180
Tom is guzzling his/her beer - Snow Beer
--------------------------------------