Golang发起http请求 · 音视频/C++/k8s/Docker等等 学习笔记 · 看云
[TOC]
## Golang 发起 Get 请求
### 基本的GET请求
```
package main
import (
"fmt"
"io/ioutil"
"net/http"
)
func main() {
resp, err := http.Get("http://httpbin.org/get")
if err != nil {
fmt.Println(err)
return
}
defer resp.Body.Close()
body, err := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
fmt.Println(string(body))
fmt.Println(resp.StatusCode)
if resp.StatusCode == 200 {
fmt.Println("ok")
}
}
```
### 带参数的Get请求
```
package main
import (
"fmt"
"io/ioutil"
"net/http"
)
func main(){
resp, err := http.Get("http://httpbin.org/get?name=zhaofan&age=23")
if err != nil {
fmt.Println(err)
return
}
defer resp.Body.Close()
body, _ := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
fmt.Println(string(body))
}
```
但是如果我们想要把一些参数做成变量而不是直接放到url中怎么操作，代码例子如下：
```
package main
import (
"fmt"
"io/ioutil"
"net/http"
"net/url"
)
func main(){
params := url.Values{}
Url, err := url.Parse("http://httpbin.org/get")
if err != nil {
return
}
params.Set("name","zhaofan")
params.Set("age","23")
//如果参数中有中文参数,这个方法会进行URLEncode
Url.RawQuery = params.Encode()
urlPath := Url.String()
fmt.Println(urlPath) // https://httpbin.org/get?age=23&name=zhaofan
resp,err := http.Get(urlPath)
defer resp.Body.Close()
body, _ := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
fmt.Println(string(body))
}
```
### GET请求添加请求头
```
package main
import (
"fmt"
"io/ioutil"
"net/http"
)
func main() {
client := &http.Client{}
req,_ := http.NewRequest("GET","http://httpbin.org/get",nil)
req.Header.Add("name","zhaofan")
req.Header.Add("age","3")
resp,_ := client.Do(req)
body, _ := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
fmt.Printf(string(body))
}
```
从下面的结果可以看出我们设置的头是成功了：
```
{
"args": {},
"headers": {
"Accept-Encoding": "gzip",
"Age": "3",
"Host": "httpbin.org",
"Name": "zhaofan",
"User-Agent": "Go-http-client/1.1"
},
"origin": "211.138.20.170, 211.138.20.170",
"url": "https://httpbin.org/get"
}
```
## Golang发起 Post 请求
### 基本的POST使用
```
package main
import (
"fmt"
"io/ioutil"
"net/http"
"net/url"
)
func main() {
urlValues := url.Values{}
urlValues.Add("name","zhaofan")
urlValues.Add("age","22")
resp, _ := http.PostForm("http://httpbin.org/post",urlValues)
body, _ := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
fmt.Println(string(body))
}
```
结果如下
```
{
"args": {},
"data": "",
"files": {},
"form": {
"age": "22",
"name": "zhaofan"
},
"headers": {
"Accept-Encoding": "gzip",
"Content-Length": "19",
"Content-Type": "application/x-www-form-urlencoded",
"Host": "httpbin.org",
"User-Agent": "Go-http-client/1.1"
},
"json": null,
"origin": "211.138.20.170, 211.138.20.170",
"url": "https://httpbin.org/post"
}
```
另外一种方式：
```
package main
import (
"fmt"
"io/ioutil"
"net/http"
"net/url"
"strings"
)
func main() {
urlValues := url.Values{
"name":{"zhaofan"},
"age":{"23"},
}
reqBody:= urlValues.Encode()
resp, _ := http.Post("http://httpbin.org/post", "text/html",strings.NewReader(reqBody))
body,_:= ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
fmt.Println(string(body))
}
```
结果如下：
```
{
"args": {},
"data": "age=23&name=zhaofan",
"files": {},
"form": {},
"headers": {
"Accept-Encoding": "gzip",
"Content-Length": "19",
"Content-Type": "text/html",
"Host": "httpbin.org",
"User-Agent": "Go-http-client/1.1"
},
"json": null,
"origin": "211.138.20.170, 211.138.20.170",
"url": "https://httpbin.org/post"
}
```
### 发送JSON数据的post请求
```
package main
import (
"bytes"
"encoding/json"
"fmt"
"io/ioutil"
"net/http"
"strings"
)
func helloWorldJson1(b []byte) {
fmt.Printf("request:%v\n", string(b))
resp, _ := http.Post("http://127.0.0.1:8080/helloworld", "text/thml", strings.NewReader(string(b)))
body, _ := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
fmt.Printf("response:%v\n",string(body))
}
func helloWorldJson2(b []byte) {
fmt.Printf("request:%v\n", string(b))
client := &http.Client{}
req, _ := http.NewRequest("POST", "http://127.0.0.1:8080/helloworld", bytes.NewReader(b))
resp, _ := client.Do(req)
body, _ := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
fmt.Printf("response:%v\n",string(body))
}
func main() {
data := make(map[string]interface{})
data["hello"] = "123123"
data["world"] = "454544"
bytesData, _ := json.Marshal(data)
helloWorldJson1(bytesData)
helloWorldJson2(bytesData)
}
```