golang web框架 Gin 详解（一）

Gin是用Go（Golang）编写的Web框架。

准备

  • 首先需要安装Go（需要1.12+版本)

1. 安装

https://github.com/gin-gonic/gin
go-gin-testcd
➜  mkdir go-gin-test
➜  cd go-gin-test

go mod

初始化go.mod文件

go mod init example.com/m/v2

可以使用下面的Go命令安装Gin

go get -u github.com/gin-gonic/gin

看到如下输出证明我们已经安装好了gin。

➜  go-gin-test  go get -u github.com/gin-gonic/gin
go: github.com/gin-gonic/gin upgrade => v1.6.3
go: gopkg.in/yaml.v2 upgrade => v2.4.0
go: github.com/golang/protobuf upgrade => v1.5.2
go: github.com/modern-go/reflect2 upgrade => v1.0.1
go: github.com/modern-go/concurrent upgrade => v0.0.0-20180306012644-bacd9c7ef1dd
go: github.com/ugorji/go/codec upgrade => v1.2.5
go: golang.org/x/sys upgrade => v0.0.0-20210403161142-5e06dd20ab57
go: github.com/go-playground/validator/v10 upgrade => v10.4.2
go: github.com/json-iterator/go upgrade => v1.1.10
go: github.com/leodido/go-urn upgrade => v1.2.1
go: downloading github.com/golang/protobuf v1.5.2
go: downloading golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20210403161142-5e06dd20ab57
go: downloading github.com/go-playground/validator/v10 v10.4.2
go: downloading github.com/ugorji/go v1.2.5
go: downloading google.golang.org/protobuf v1.26.0
go: downloading github.com/ugorji/go/codec v1.2.5
go: golang.org/x/crypto upgrade => v0.0.0-20210322153248-0c34fe9e7dc2
go: google.golang.org/protobuf upgrade => v1.26.0
go: downloading golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20210322153248-0c34fe9e7dc2

go gethttp://goproxy.cn/

2. Hello World

现在我们来编写我们的第一个web程序

➜  go-gin-test tree -L 3
.
├── go.mod
└── go.sum

目前我们的目录结构如上所示

接下来

main.go
➜  go-gin-test tree -L 3
.
├── go.mod
├── go.sum
├── mian.go


main.go
package main

import "github.com/gin-gonic/gin"

func main() {
  r := gin.Default()
  r.GET("/hello", func(c *gin.Context) {
  	c.JSON(200, gin.H{
  		"message": "hello world",
  	})
  })
  r.Run() // listen and serve on 0.0.0.0:8080 (for windows "localhost:8080")
}


go build -o hello
➜  go-gin-test go build -o hello
➜  go-gin-test ls
go.mod   go.sum   hello    mian.go

./hello
➜  go-gin-test ./hello 
[GIN-debug] [WARNING] Creating an Engine instance with the Logger and Recovery middleware already attached.

[GIN-debug] [WARNING] Running in "debug" mode. Switch to "release" mode in production.
- using env:   export GIN_MODE=release
- using code:  gin.SetMode(gin.ReleaseMode)

[GIN-debug] GET    /hello                    --> main.main.func1 (3 handlers)
[GIN-debug] Environment variable PORT is undefined. Using port :8080 by default
[GIN-debug] Listening and serving HTTP on :8080


http://localhost:8080/hello
image.png

至此，我们已经完成第一个web服务的构建

3. Router的分组和封装

组/user/XXX/api/XXX

我们接着上面的工程进行改造

routerexrouter.go
➜  go-gin-test tree -L 3
.
├── go.mod
├── go.sum
├── hello
├── mian.go
└── routerex
   └── router.go

router.go
package routerex

import "github.com/gin-gonic/gin"

func InitRouter(g *gin.Engine) {
   //第一组api接口 例如：http://localhost:8080/g1/hello1
   g1 := g.Group("g1")

   g1.GET("/hello1", func(c *gin.Context) {
   	c.JSON(200, gin.H{
   		"msg": "Hello g1",
   	})
   })
   //第二组api接口 例如：http://localhost:8080/g1/hello1
   g2 := g.Group("g2")
   g2.GET("/hello2", func(c *gin.Context) {
   	c.JSON(200, gin.H{
   		"msg": "Hello g2",
   	})
   })

}


main.go
package main

import (
  "example.com/m/v2/routerex"
  "github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
)

func main() {
  r := gin.Default()
  routerex.InitRouter(r)
  r.Run() // listen and serve on 0.0.0.0:8080 (for windows "localhost:8080")
}


go build -o hello
./hello
http://localhost:8080/g1/hello1http://localhost:8080/g2/hello2
image.png
image.png

可以看出我们已经拆分了两个不同的api组。并且封装了router的注册方式。

可以尝试联系以上方法

下一期内容预告：

  • gin的中间件的使用
  • post和get接口不同的获取参数方式
  • ...
超级英雄吉姆gin
超级英雄吉姆