《GO语言高级编程》设计中案例,仅作为笔记进行收藏。发布订阅(publish-and-subscribe)模型通常被简写为pub/sub模型。在这个模型中,消息?产者成为发布者(publisher),?消息消费者则成为订阅者(subscriber),?产者和消费者是M:N的关系。在
传统?产者和消费者模型中,是将消息发送到?个队列中,?发布订阅模型则是将消息发布给?个主题。
- pubsub.go 发布订阅模型?持包
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 | package pubsub import ( "sync" "time" ) type ( // 订阅者为一个通道 subscriber chan interface{} // 主题为一个过滤器 topicFunc func(v interface{}) bool ) // 发布者对象 type Publisher struct { m sync.RWMutex // 读写锁 buffer int // 订阅者队列的缓存大小 timeout time.Duration // 发布超时时间. subscribers map[subscriber]topicFunc // 订阅者信息 } // 构建?个发布者对象, 可以设置发布超时时间和缓存队列的长度 func NewPublisher(publishTimeout time.Duration, buffer int) *Publisher { return &Publisher{ buffer: buffer, timeout: publishTimeout, subscribers: make(map[subscriber]topicFunc), } } // 添加一个新的订阅者,订阅全部主题 func (p *Publisher) Subscribe() chan interface{} { return p.SubscribeTopic(nil) } // 添加一个新的订阅者,订阅过滤器筛选后的主题 func (p *Publisher) SubscribeTopic(topic topicFunc) chan interface{} { ch := make(chan interface{}, p.buffer) p.m.Lock() p.subscribers[ch] = topic p.m.Unlock() return ch } // 退出订阅 func (p *Publisher) Evict(sub chan interface{}) { p.m.Lock() defer p.m.Unlock() delete(p.subscribers, sub) close(sub) } // 发布一个主题 func (p *Publisher) Publish(v interface{}) { p.m.RLock() defer p.m.RUnlock() var wg sync.WaitGroup for sub, topic := range p.subscribers { wg.Add(1) go p.sendTopic(sub, topic, v, &wg) } wg.Wait() } // 关闭发布者对象,同时关闭所有的订阅者管道 func (p *Publisher) Close() { p.m.Lock() defer p.m.Unlock() for sub := range p.subscribers { delete(p.subscribers, sub) close(sub) } } // 发送主题,可以容忍一定的超时 func (p *Publisher) sendTopic(sub subscriber, topic topicFunc, v interface{}, wg *sync.WaitGroup) { defer wg.Done() if topic != nil && !topic(v) { return } select { case sub <- v: case <-time.After(p.timeout): } } |
- main.go 发布订阅实例
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 | package main import ( "fmt" "strings" "time" "main/ch01/pubsub" ) func main() { p := pubsub.NewPublisher(100*time.Millisecond, 10) defer p.Close() all := p.Subscribe() golang := p.SubscribeTopic(func(v interface{}) bool { if s, ok := v.(string); ok { return strings.Contains(s, "golang") } return false }) p.Publish("hello, world!") p.Publish("hello, golang!") go func() { for msg := range all { fmt.Println("all:", msg) } }() go func() { for msg := range golang { fmt.Println("golang:", msg) } }() // 运行一定时间后退出 time.Sleep(3 * time.Second) } |