Golang 的 time 包的时间常用操作

前言

Gotime

Now()：获取当前本地的时间

import (
    "fmt"
    "time"
)

func main() {
    now := time.Now()
    fmt.Println(now) // 2022-12-03 21:06:16.1658077 +0800 CST m=+5.936223001
}

Now()timeTime

获取具体时间单位的值（yeah、month、day ······）

Now()Time

import (
    "fmt"
    "time"
)

func main() {
    now := time.Now()
    fmt.Println("年：", now.Year())
    fmt.Println("月：", now.Month())
    fmt.Println("数字格式的月：", int(now.Month()))
    fmt.Println("日：", now.Day())
    fmt.Println("时：", now.Hour())
    fmt.Println("分：", now.Minute())
    fmt.Println("秒：", now.Second())
}

TimeYear()Month()Day()Hour()Minute()Second()

时间格式化

TimeFormat(layout string)string

import (
    "fmt"
    "time"
)

func main() {
    now := time.Now()
    format1 := now.Format("2006-01-02 15:04:05")
    format2 := now.Format("2006/01/02 15:04:05")
    format3 := now.Format("2006-01-02")
    format4 := now.Format("2006/01/02")
    format5 := now.Format("15:04:05")

    fmt.Println(format1) // 2022-12-03 22:27:56
    fmt.Println(format2) // 2022/12/03 22:27:56
    fmt.Println(format3) // 2022-12-03
    fmt.Println(format4) // 2022/12/03
    fmt.Println(format5) // 22:27:56
}

layout Go2006-01-02 15:04:05-

获取秒、微秒、毫秒、纳秒

import (
    "fmt"
    "time"
)

func main() {
    now := time.Now()
    // 获取秒
    fmt.Println(now.Unix()) // 1670078476
    // 获取毫秒
    fmt.Println(now.UnixMilli()) // 1670079987508082
    // 获取微秒
    fmt.Println(now.UnixMicro()) // 1670079987508082
    // 获取纳秒
    fmt.Println(now.UnixNano()) // 1670079987508082500
}

timeUnix()UnixMilli()UnixMicro()UnixNano()

通过指定年月日等参数获取时间

import (
    "fmt"
    "time"
)

func main() {
    date := time.Date(2002, 12, 03, 12, 12, 12, 0, time.UTC)
    fmt.Println(date) // 2022-12-03 12:12:12 +0000 UTC
}

Date(year int, month Month, day, hour, min, sec, nsec int, loc *Location) Time

时间戳与时间的转换

import (
    "fmt"
    "time"
)

func main() {
    now := time.Now()

    time1 := time.Unix(now.Unix(), 0).Format("2006-01-02 15:04:05")
    time2 := time.UnixMilli(now.UnixMilli()).Format("2006-01-02 15:04:05")
    time3 := time.UnixMicro(now.UnixMicro()).Format("2006-01-02 15:04:05")
    fmt.Println(time1) // 2022-12-03 23:03:33
    fmt.Println(time2) // 2022-12-03 23:03:33
    fmt.Println(time3) // 2022-12-03 23:03:33
}

Unix()UnixMilli()UnixMicro()

字符串转时间格式

import (
   "fmt"
   "time"
)

func main() {
   t1, err := time.Parse("2006-01-02 15:04:05", "2022-12-03 13:00:00")
   if err != nil {
      fmt.Println("err: ", err)
      return
   }
   fmt.Println(t1) // 2022-12-03 13:00:00 +0000 UTC

   t2, err := time.Parse("2006-01-02", "2022-12-03")
   if err != nil {
      fmt.Println("err: ", err)
      return
   }
   fmt.Println(t2) // 2022-12-03 00:00:00 +0000 UTC

   t3, err := time.Parse("15:04:05", "13:00:00")
   if err != nil {
      fmt.Println("err: ", err)
      return
   }
   fmt.Println(t3) // 0000-01-01 13:00:00 +0000 UTC
}

Parse(layout, value string) (Time, error)timelayoutvalueerror

时间的添加和减少操作

import (
    "fmt"
    "time"
)

func main() {
    now := time.Now()
    newTime := now.Add(time.Hour * 1)
    fmt.Println(newTime.Format("2006-01-02 15:04:05"))
}

(t Time) Add(d Duration) TimeDurationtime.Hourtime.Minutetime.Second

计算两个时间的时间差

import (
    "fmt"
    "time"
)

func main() {
    now := time.Now()
    newTime := now.Add(time.Hour * 1)
    fmt.Println(newTime.Sub(now)) // 1h0m0s
}

Sub(u Time) Duration

计算当前时间与某个时间的时间差

import (
    "fmt"
    "time"
)

func main() {
    beforeTime := time.Now().Add(time.Hour * -1)
    fmt.Println(time.Since(beforeTime)) // 1h0m0s
}

Add(d Duration) TimeSince(t Time) Duration

判断当前时间是否在某个时间之前

import (
    "fmt"
    "time"
)

func main() {
    now := time.Now()
    date := time.Date(2022, 12, 03, 12, 12, 12, 0, time.UTC)
    fmt.Println(now.Before(date)) // false
}

Before(u Time) booltruefalse

判断当前时间是否在某个时间之后

import (
    "fmt"
    "time"
)

func main() {
    now := time.Now()
    date := time.Date(2022, 12, 03, 12, 12, 12, 0, time.UTC)
    fmt.Println(now.After(date)) // true
}

After(u Time) booltruefalse

小结

本文介绍了如果获取当前时间、在当前时间的前提下获取具体的年月日时分秒、时间格式化和时间戳与时间的转换以及计算时间差的方法等。掌握了这些函数和方法的使用，应对开发中 时间操作的场景不成问题。