一文带你了解Go语言标准库strings的常用函数和方法

strings 库

strings

高效拼接字符串

stringsBuilderWriteString

import (
    "strings"
)

func main() {
    var builder strings.Builder
    builder.WriteString("hello")
    builder.WriteString(" ")
    builder.WriteString("world")
    builder.WriteString("!")
    s := builder.String()
    println(s) // hello world!
}

strings.BuildersliceWriteStringslice

大小写转换

小写转大写

ToUpper(s string) string

import "strings"

func main() {
    s1 := "hello"
    s2 := strings.ToUpper(s1)
    println(s2) // HELLO
}

大写转小写

ToLower(s string) string

import "strings"

func main() {
    s1 := "HELLO"
    s2 := strings.ToLower(s1)
    println(s2) // hello
}

比较两个字符串

区分大小写比较

func main() {
    s1 := "hello"
    s2 := "hello"
    s3 := "HELLO"
    println(s1 == s2) // true
    println(s1 == s3) // false
}

==

EqualFold(s, t string) booltruefalse

func main() {
    s1 := "hello"
    s2 := "hello"
    s3 := "HELLO"
    isEual := strings.EqualFold(s1, s2)
    println(isEual) // true
    isEual2 := strings.EqualFold(s1, s3)
    println(isEual2) // true
}

字符串的替换

Replace(s, old, new string, n int) string

soldnewnoldn

案例：实现对敏感词的替换

func main() {
    s1 := "我靠啊靠"
    s2 := strings.Replace(s1, "靠", "*", 1)
    println(s2) // true 我*啊靠
    s3 := "我靠啊靠"
    s4 := strings.Replace(s3, "靠", "*", -1)
    println(s4) // true 我*啊*
}

n1n-10

按照某个分割标识分割字符串

Split(s, sep string) []string

ssep

import (
    "fmt"
    "strings"
)

func main() {
    s1 := "golang-is-awesome"
    strSlice := strings.Split(s1, "-")
    fmt.Println(strSlice) // [golang is awesome]
}

去掉字符串左右两边的空格

TrimSpace(s string) string

s

import (
    "strings"
)

func main() {
    s1 := "      golang is awesome       "
    s2 := strings.TrimSpace(s1)
    println(s2) // "golang is awesome"
}

将字符串[左边]或[右边]或[左右两边]所指定的字符（串）去掉

将字符串[左右两边]所指定的字符（串）去掉

Trim(s, cutset string) string

import (
    "strings"
)

func main() {
    s1 := "-golang is awesome-"
    s2 := strings.Trim(s1, "-")
    println(s2) // "golang is awesome"
}

s

第二个参数为指定的字符（串）。

将字符串[左边]所指定的字符（串）去掉

TrimLeft(s, cutset string) string

import (
    "strings"
)

func main() {
    s1 := "-golang is awesome"
    s2 := strings.TrimLeft(s1, "-")
    println(s2) // "golang is awesome"
}

s

第二个参数为指定的字符（串）。

将字符串[右边]所指定的字符（串）去掉

TrimRight(s, cutset string) string

import (
 "strings"
)

func main() {
    s1 := "golang is awesome-"
    s2 := strings.TrimRight(s1, "-")
    println(s2) // "golang is awesome"
}

s

第二个参数为指定的字符（串）。

判断字符串是否以指定的字符串开头

HasPrefix(s, prefix string) bool

sprefix

import (
    "strings"
)

func main() {
    s1 := "hello world!"
    flag := strings.HasPrefix(s1, "hello")
    println(flag) // true
}

判断字符串是否以指定的字符串结束

HasSuffix(s, prefix string) bool

sprefix

import (
    "strings"
)

func main() {
    s1 := "hello world!"
    flag := strings.HasSuffix(s1, "!")
    println(flag) // true
}

将字符串切片中的元素以指定字符串连接生成新字符串

Join(elems []string, sep string) string

elemssep

import (
    "strings"
)

func main() {
    strSlice := []string{"golang", "is", "awesome"}
    s := strings.Join(strSlice, "-")
    println(s) // golang-is-awesome
}

查找子串是否存在于指定的字符串中

 Contains(s, substr string) bool

ssubstrtruefalse

import (
    "strings"
)

func main() {
    s := "golang is awesome"
    isContains := strings.Contains(s, "golang")
    println(isContains) // true
}

小结

BuilderToUpperToLowerReplace

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